Vegan cream

Blender altert

 

While most vegetarians happily eat dairy products, there is definitely a spectrum between an easy-going vegetarian (happy to eat caged eggs and factory-farmed milk products), and a full-on vegan (no honey or wool).  Personally, I'm towards the vegan end of the spectrum and left to my own devices, I won't eat any by-product of cows.  When I'm with other people I sometimes eat cheese, just because it's easier than causing a fuss.  I would also eat cheese from the Mahoe Dairy in the Bay of Islands, because I've been to their farm and seen how well the cows are treated.  But even if it were readily available in my local supermarket, I would still only eat it occasionally.

 

Apparently, soya cream and various alternatives are readily available in some parts of the world, but not in Northland and I suspect not in many places where a small-income veg~an may end up voyaging.  That being so, the only alternative to dairy, is to make a substitute.  Fortunately, the homework has been done for me and I can simply copy the recipe for you!

 

Makes a generous 1/4 cup

 

Ingredients

 

1/4 cup cashew nuts

1/4 cup water + more if necessary

 

Method:

• Put the cashew nuts into the blender and grind to a fine powder.  To avoid inadvertently making cashew nut butter, it's better to do this in short bursts.
• Now add the water and blend again to a thick cream. 
• Empty the contents into a small jug or bowl.  

Note:

• The trouble with blending small quantities, is that as much seems to remain in the blender as pours out. Check the consistency of the cream in the jug.  It will be pretty thick and if that's how you want it, you'll just have to patiently scrape out the rest of the cream.  However, if you want it a bit thinner, add a little water to the jug, close it up and give it a good shake, to clean it out.  Add that to the jug.  Keep on adding a little water, and cleaning the blender until you get the consistency you want.

Variations:

• There are a couple of arguments against using cashews.  Firstly they are really quite expensive and secondly they appear to be produced in a way that badly exploits women, whose hands are often damaged by the caustic substances used in extracting the nuts.  I usually use blanched peanuts, which are a lot cheaper and don't appear to have any real downside.  The resulting cream doesn't taste quite as good, but as I never make desserts, it doesn't matter to me.  If you are using the cream to be eaten as is, you might possibly find it unacceptable.  
• Blanched almonds, also make a delicious cream.  You can blanch them yourself by pouring boiling water over almonds in a bowl and leaving them for a few minutes.  Once the skin has softened a little, it slips off easily.
• Hemp seeds also make a good cream, but it isn't as attractive due to the dark flecks in the seeds.
• Equally, Brazil nuts make a lovely cream, but again, the flecks of skin on most Brazil nuts spoils the appearance.
• I'm sure macadamia nuts would also make an excellent cream, but as they're shockingly expensive, I've never tried.                                  

 

You will find many more recipes for this type of thing here.

Seitan 'steak'

While this tastes nothing at all like steak, a quick glance in poor light might fool you for a minute or two.   However, the texture, although quite different from beef flesh, which many of us might find to be a relief, if anything, it has a chewiness that no other veg~an food offers.   As I hadn’t eaten a steak for about a quarter of a century before I discovered seitan, it’s hard for me really to compare it, but what I do know, is that it makes a very satisfactory substitute and can be used and served in a similar way to steak or beef, in stews, curries, etc.  It's also very good fried, with perhaps some celery seeds and cracked black pepper rubbed into it, before putting it in the frying pan.

 

I like to serve the steak with chips and a side salad or green vegetable.  And bread of course, for the chip butties (coming from Liverpool I make no apology for this!).  It's also good with a couple of fried mushrooms and a fried tomato, with a fried egg, or indeed, in any way you would normally serve steak. 

 

Makes 1 huge, 2 small

 

 Ingredients

 2 rounded tbsp couscous

 1 tsp Marmite/miso

 ½ cup boiling water

 2 tsp nutritional yeast

 1/4 tsp onion powder

 1/4 tsp Kashmiri chilli powder*

 1/4 tsp smoked paprika

 1/4 tsp ground/cracked black pepper

 1/2 tsp mushroom stock powder OR 1/2 tsp mushroom powder + 1/4 tsp salt

celery seed

 cracked black pepper

salt

2 tsp tomato paste

1½ tsp soya sauce

 1 tsp olive oil OR 1 tbsp (vegan) ghee OR 1 tbsp tahini*

1 tsp vinegar

 rounded 1/2 cup vital wheat gluten

Instructions:

• Put the couscous and Marmite/miso in a bowl; pour over the water and cover.    Set aside to cool completely.
• Add the nutritional yeast, onion powder, Kashmiri chilli powder, smoked paprika,black pepper, mushroom stock powder, one at a time to the couscous, mixing very thoroughly each time. 
• Add the celery seed and extra cracked black pepper, if you are using them. Alternatively, put to one side and rub them onto the finished steaks just before frying them.    Depending on how salty the stock powder is, you might want to add extra salt.
• Add the water, tomato paste, soya sauce, olive oil/ghee/tahini and vinegar, ensuring that everything is well blended.
• Then add the vital wheat gluten, mixing in with a knife or spatula and finish off mixing it by hand.    It doesn’t stick to your fingers and is easy to work.    I have found less is more, when it comes to kneading and just knead the dough until everything is mixed in and smooth.    However, try to makes sure you have used every last scrap of it - leftovers are difficult to remove if you let them dry.    if it’s not quite clean, ensure that you leave the bowl to soak.
• Now shape into one or two steaks.    I tend to make one big one and a smaller one for breakfast the next day.    Work quite quickly: if the dough dries out, it seems reluctant to stick back together again.
• Place your steaks on a lightly-greased trivet in your pressure cooker, with about half a cup of water.    The water shouldn’t cover the trivet.    You can put it on parchment paper instead of greasing the trivet, if you prefer.
• Bring up to pressure for 10 minutes and let the pressure reduce gradually.    Remove the steaks and place them to cool.     
• Heat olive oil in a frying pan and when it’s hot, add your steaks.    Fry on both sides.    They are already cooked, so this frying is to reheat them and add more flavour.   

A little bit of Dijon mustard goes well with them.    Serve as you would a steak.    I like chips and salad, myself, or smashed potatoes and freeze-dried peas.

 

Notes:

• *Kashmiri chilli powder is mild, but has a bright red colour, which enhances the appearance of the steak.   If you are concerned about it being too hot, add more smoked paprika.
• Tahini adds an element of earthiness to the flavour.

Variation:

• When I make this steak, I usually make a large one and a small, thin one for breakfast the next day.  This is great in a roll or with good bread in a sandwich.

 

You will find many more recipeslike this here.

Minestrone soup

 

 

 

The name ‘Minestrone’ has become something of a catch-all for a tomato, vegetable and pasta soup. I don’t pretend that the following version is any more authentic than most, but it certainly is attractive and full of flavour.  Even if I weren't a vegetarian, my Minestrone would always contain beans and recipes which don't, seem very odd to me, because white beans are so often used in Italian peasant food, which is surely what this is.  Cannelini beans would be first choice, but if you can't buy them, any white beans will do.  Even borlotti beans would do, if you have those, also being popular in Italy. 

 

Non-vegetarian recipes call for bacon, but I've seen more than a few which are strictly vegetarian. Ideally, one would chop in a stick or two of celery, but I don't find this a good voyaging vegetable, because you buy so much at a time.  Even in a fridge, I suspect it doesn't last forever, so I suggest celery seed as an alternative: it's a shame that you can't just buy three or four sticks of celery at a time! This soup makes for a great and filling meal with chunks of freshly-baked bread.   

Use 1/3 seawater to 2/3 fresh, if the sea is clean, and leave out the salt.

 

Serves 4 to 6 as a starter, 2 for a main course

 

Ingredients

at least 2 tbsp olive oil
2medium onions or one large
2 garlic cloves
1 carrot

1 small potato 
1 stick celery OR 1 tsp celery seed

1/2 tsp fennel seeds 3 cups water

2 tsp Annie's Mixed Herbs OR 1 tsp rosemary + 1 tsp thyme

1 tsp sweet paprika

2 cups water 

1/4 cup white beans, soaked in 1 cup boiling water for an hour 

about a packed cup full of shredded cabbage
a piece of Parmesan cheese rind

14 oz/400 g tin of crushed tomatoes

about 20 lengths of spaghetti

coarsely ground or cracked black pepper

optional Parmesan cheese or "Parmegan" cheese to serve

Method:

• Heat the olive oil in the pressure cooker.
• Chop the onions and garlic and cook over a fairly high heat until they’re starting to brown. If you are using it, add 1 tsp salt.
• While this is happening, dice the carrot, potato and the celery. Add to the other vegetables, together with the celery seed (if using) and the fennel seed, and cook until they are aromatic - about 5 minutes.
• Add the dried herbs and paprika and toss the vegetables to ensure that they're mixed well. 
• Pour in the water, the beans their water, and bring to the boil. Pressure cook for 10 minutes. Reduce pressure gradually. 
• When you can safely remove the lid, add the cabbage to the pan. Return it to the flame. If you’re using the Parmesan cheese rind, cut this into small dice and add. 
• Empty the tomatoes into the pan and mix them in. 
• When the soup is boiling once more, lower the heat to a simmer, break the spaghetti into 25 mm (1 in) lengths and add this. Stir to separate the pieces of pasta.
• Gind in a generous amoun of pepper. Minestrone also responds well to ½ tsp of cracked black pepper. Taste after a couple of minutes to see if it needs more salt.
• Cook until the spaghetti has softened – you can bring it back up to pressure for 3 minutes if you wish.

Serve with chunks of bread and, if you have it, plenty of Parmesan cheese.

 

Notes:

• Don't be mean with the olive oil and use a nice, peppery one if you can get it.
• The rind from the Parmesan cheese adds a wonderful depth of flavour, which vegans will have to do without.  However, probably most small-income voyagers will have to do without it, too and indeed, even if you have lots of money, Parmesan cheese, complete with rind, is often difficult to source.  In the days when I ate Parmesan, I used to enjoy eating the piece of rind in the soup, but most people apparently take it out before serving.
• If you don't have crushed tomatoes, use whole ones and crush them yourself. 

Variations:

• Ideally, this recipe would include green beans. I tend to eat soup in cold weather, when green beans are expensive and/or hard to come by.  But they certainly enhance the soup.
• Some recipes call for red kidney beans, but I find that they make the soup too dark,  By all means use them if that's what you fancy!
• Use black-eyed peas or chickpeas, if you have no white beans. The black-eyed peas won't need soaking first. Or you could use a can.
• Most recipes call for a bay leaf.  I can never taste them, myself, but feel free to add one, with the rest of the herbs, if you like them.   
• Replace the cabbage with kale or Swiss chard/silver beet.
• You could also use the leaves from a cauliflower, instead of cabbage.
• Broccoli florets, added at the end would go well, but not if you're intending to reheat the soup for another meal.
• Use another type of pasta, such as elbow pasta, or alphabet, but keep to small shapes so that you don't overwhelm the soup with it. 
• Add tomato purée for a richer flavour, especially if your canned tomatoes are a bit watery. 
• If you miss the bacon flavour from traditional Minestrone, use smoked paprika instead of the sweet.  
• A couple of mushrooms, sliced are also a pleasant addition.
• Add a tsp of mushroom stock powder for more flavour.
• Add chopped pepper to taste
• Use chopped tomatoes in purée for a thicker soup.
• Add 1/4 tsp dried chilli flakes
• Fresh tomatoes are also great, if they're available and have plenty of flavour, but in cold weather, canned will probably be a better choice.   

You will find many other recipes for soup here 

 

Edited 19/08/26

 

Tomatoes, stuffed with almonds and mushroom

 

I think the first time I cooked stuffed tomatoes was in Portugal.  The markets on the Algarve were overflowing with delicous fruit and vegetables.  They varied too much in shape and size ever to be acceptable to supermarkets, but they tasted sublime.  I would walk all around the market, ostensibly comparing prices, but in reality, just soaking up the wonderful scents and sights.  And as the food was entirely affordable, I could shop to my heart's content.  I always think that a tomato will taste good if, when you sniff the stalk cluster left on (and it should always still be on!), it has an almost peppery scent to it.  Most tomatoes I buy these days not only come without that little green star, but even when they do, have no scent and not much flavour.  I can understand why when voyaging people sell up and move ashore, they nearly always start growing their own fruit and vegetables in an attempt to recapture the glorious produce of good markets.  Some supermarkets sell 'beef' tomatoes and occasionally, these are fairly good.  But the huge, oval, rather flat tomatoes I would buy in Latin countries, starting to split at the top because they are so engorged with juices, are but a distant memory.  I used to buy them, cut the top off, stuff them and serve them for dinner the same evening.  The taste is just so wonderful.

 

However, we must make the best of what we have and recently, I bought some tomatoes from Jack, who brings a well-supplied market stall to Russell every week, and I picked up a bag of tomatoes (it's OK, he takes back the plastic bags and re-uses them!), which contained two lovely, large tomatoes.  They weren't the rich red of those in Portugal, nor bursting with luscious juices (considering it's August, mid-winter, they must have been grown in a poly-tunnel), but they brought back such wonderful memories that I had to stuff one for dinner.  It was good, but ...

 

I generally find stuffed vegetables unsatisfactory and am convinced that they contradict the laws of physics.  You remove all the flesh, cook it with other ingredients and then try to stuff the result back in the empty shell.  I always have heaps left over because even softened, you still have all the original vegetable to put back in plus all the extra ingredients!  The great thing about stuffed tomatoes, is that you don't use the tomato you take out (although you can use it in the accompanying dish), so that there is actually some room to take the stuffing.  This recipe is a genuine voyaging recipe and small-income to boot.  Good fresh tomatoes keep well at sea (and I doubt you could resist the temptation to eat them for long, anyway.  Almonds, although not exactly cheap, are often grown in the same sort of places where you get these great, big tomatoes, and can be replaced with something cheaper (see Variations).  You should get a week out of your mushrooms at sea, but can use dried if necessary.  The tomatoes can be cooked in a variety of ways, which you can find in the Notes.

 

If you can buy really good tomatoes,  this recipe is great for entertaining, being easy to prepare and very attractive - but don't get distracted and overcook the tomatoes!! 

 

Serves 2

 

Ingredients

 

2 large, ripe tomatoes, at least 70mm/3in in diameter

1/2 cup almonds

1 tsp za'atar

1/2 to 1 tsp harissa

1/2 tsp garlic granules

2 mushrooms (50mm/2in dia) 

1/4 tsp salt

freshly ground black pepper 

 

Method: 

• Cut the top off the tomatoes and set aside
• Depending  on how ripe the tomatoes are, scoop out the flesh and seeds into a bowl, with a spoon - or a knife and spoon if the core is very hard.  Leave a reasonable amount of flesh in the shell for taste and moisture.  
• Now put the almonds,  za'atar, harissa and garlic granules into a blender and pulse until the almonds are a coarse powder: better to have a few chunks of almonds remaining than to have almond butter!  Chop the mushrooms coarsely and then pop them in the blender, together with the salt and pepper, for a few seconds.  The end result is a crumbly paste.
• OR chop the almonds and mushrooms as finely as you can with your knife and mix them in a bowl with the rest of the ingredi ents.
• Now divide the mixture in two and spoon it into the tomatoes, pressing it down to fill the whole cavity.  Put the top back on.
• Light the cooker and put on a flame tamer.  Place a heavy-based pan on top and lower the tomatoes into it.  Put the lid on and as soon as you can smell that the tomatoes are starting to cook, lower the heat right down.  After 10 minutes or so, check them every couple minutes, so that you can take them out when they are cooked through, but before they collapse. 

Carefully lift out the tomatoes and put on hot plates.  Serve with rice, polenta, mashed potates, or whatever takes your fancy, really.  I like to serve them with rice and wild rice in a sort of pilaf: fry an onion in olive oil with rice, until it's soft, chop up the remaining tomato and add that, and then throw in the rice and stir it around, for a few moments before pouring in water, 2:1, to cook it in the usual way.

 

You might want to make some sort of sauce to go over it, if you want something more moist.  Or you can pour the sauce into the pan and cook the tomatoes in the sauce. 

 

Notes: 

• You can replace the garlic granules with 2 or 3 cloves of chopped garlic of you prefer, but the flavour of the granules spreads through the filling more effectively.
• Cooking: If you have an oven, the tomatoes can be baked in a dish, with or without extra sauce, on a medium setting, for about 20 minutes, if my memory serves. You can also cook them on a trivet in the pressure cooker, although this can be a bit fraught: if you overcook them even for a minute, they are likely to collapse on you.  If, however, the cooker is large enough to take a bowl contining the tomatoes (and you can lift it out again without burning yourself), this would be a good choice, with or without extra sauce.  You can cook them, again with or without extra sauce, in a good frying pan, as long as you have a domed lid which will fit over the tomatoes.

 

Variations:

• If you don't have za'atar, use thyme instead.
• Any other nut can be substituted for the almonds, from the lofty heights of pinenuts and macadamia, though hazelnuts, cashews and Brazil nuts down to blanched peanuts.  I wouldn't recommend walnuts, however: in combination with the mushrooms, the stuffing would have to strong a flavour.

 

 

You will find many more recipes like this here.

Aubergine and pesto pasta

 

Gluten free with appropriate pasta

  

This recipe is very freely adapted from one of Jamie Oliver’s. Firstly I tweaked it so that it just made one serving, then I altered it again for this blog, to serve two, and then I adapted it for a voyaging locker, which probably doesn’t include fresh basil, but might and should, include a jar of pesto.  

 

Before going any further, not all jars of pesto are created equal. Some contain a ghastly green purée, while others look like something you’d be quite proud to make yourself and have a delightful texture, just like the Real Thing. When I first came across jars of pesto, I was inclined to believe what it said on the label about having to be kept refrigerated. However, my local supermarket sells small jars at a very reasonable price and as I wanted to try out different recipes for calzone, I thought I’d probably get through the jar quite quickly, anyway. I used most of it and then out of curiosity, left the near-empty jar in my locker. It kept for weeks.

 

I was also surprised how good it tasted: the one that looked the best value, “Pam’s” is not an expensive brand, so therefore there wasn’t much chance of it being made with Extra Virgin Olive Oil, Pine nuts or Pecorino cheese - all of which would be found in a traditional pesto. In fact the ingredients were: canola oil, 35% basil, sunflower seeds, cheese (unspecified), garlic, sugar :-(, salt and natural flavours, so it’s rather surprising that it does taste so good and implies that the best part of the pesto is the basil. My “Pam’s” Pesto also included three e-numbers in the ingredient list: E202 - potassium sorbate, E270 - lactic acid and E300 - ascorbic acid, and I thought that before suggesting that others put it in their lockers, I should see what these were. I try to avoid ultra-processed foods, and this certainly looked a bit like one. I had a look online and even the most hysterical of ‘health-food’ sites seemed pretty chilled about lactic and ascorbic acid (which is just another name for vitamin C). There was a bit more tooth sucking about potassium sorbate, although it is derived from sorbic acid, which occurs naturally in rowan berries. It is very commonly used in all sorts of food production and the worst that anyone had to say about it was that if it is consumed in high doses during pregnancy, it might effect the DNA. Personally, I feel quite happy about my jar of pesto: my only genuine reservation is that it contains cheese, and I prefer to eat a vegan diet. The reason I’m rabbiting on about this is because fresh basil doesn’t keep well at all - even if you have a fridge - and for something like this recipe, you wouldn’t want more than a quarter of a cup, which wouldn’t use up a whole bunch. However, by all means make your own pesto if you prefer!

 

The recipe calls for cherry tomatoes, but I find those miniature plum tomatoes are even better, if you can lay hands on them. If they are tiny, double the quantity.

 

Serves 2

 

Ingredients

 

1 large or 2 small aubergine

olive oil OR olive oil and butter

salt

penne, pasta spirals or similar 

2 tbsp pesto

Pecorino cheese or "Parmegan"

6 cherry tomatoes

 

Method:

• Cut the aubergine in half. Rub it – particularly the flesh, with oil and put it on a well-oiled baking sheet. Roast it at 180° for 35 min. Or cook it in the pressure cooker until it’s tender, cut it in half, scoop out the flesh and briefly fry it in a little oil so that the flesh is lightly browned.
• While it’s cooking, cut the tomatoes in half. The original recipe says to remove the seeds, because of their bitterness, but I don’t bother. I generally find cherry tomatoes are quite sweet and the seeds not very intrusive. Then cut them into fine dice.
• When the aubergine is thoroughly soft, let it cool and scoop out the flesh. Chop it all up, put it into a bowl and keep warm.
• Boil a pan of hot salted water and add the pasta. 
• Pour the pesto over the aubergine and mix it all up. Add olive oil and/or butter for taste and texture.
• Now add a little bit of cheese.
• As soon as the pasta is ready, add some of the water to the aubergine mix, so that you have a saucy consistency.
• Mix in the tomatoes.
• Tip in the pasta and serve.

 

Pass round extra cheese, and maybe pine nuts, chopped almonds, or sunflower seeds at the table.

 

Notes:

• If you have fresh basil, some leaves would be a lovely addition when the pasta is served.
• Another way to cook the aubergine, would be to ‘roast it’ in the frying pan.
• I like aubergine skin, so I generally just dice the aubergine, fry it in olive oil, and mix it with the pesto.

Variation:

• This isn’t particularly filling, so you might want to increase the pasta from what you normally would cook, or serve it with bread, or maybe even add some cooked white beans or chickpeas to the aubergine sauce.

You will find many more recipes for pasta dishes here

Black-eyed peas curry

Black Eyed Peas Curry

 

 

Blender alert *

Black-eyed peas are popular in India and they have the great advantage of not needing to be soaked, if you are going to cook them in a pressure cooker. This means you can make a curry with more substance than a dal, or even whole lentils (including Indian ones such as mung). They also cook in about the same time as whole lentils, so are ideal for when you’ve been out (or sailing) all day and want to get a meal underway as soon as you’re back on board, or have the anchor down. Their earthy taste is quite unlike any other legume I can think of and goes very well with curry spices.

This is also a quick and easy curry to put together. Although there is a blender alert, it isn’t really necessary to use one: you’ll just end up with a slightly different texture. In this black-eyed pea curry, no tempering is required after the initial cooking, so the whole thing goes together quickly. The beans are cooked in a sauce flavoured with onion, tomatoes, and coconut, along with seven other spices which, apart from asafoetida, you’ll probably have on board. It’s well worth adding to your standard repertoire and makes a change from chickpeas, which tend to be the obvious ‘go to’.

 

Because this recipe doesn't have that many ingredients, you don't have to be a dedicated curry cook to make it.  The only thing you are unlikely to have on board is asafoetida and possibly garam masala.  You can leave them both out and perhaps add a pinch of ground cinnamon, cloves and/or nutmeg and a tad more cumin. 

Servings: 2

Ingredients

1/2 cup dry black eyed peas

1/4 tsp cumin seeds

1.5 tbsp shredded coconut unsweetened

1/2 medium onion, roughly chopped

1 medium ripe tomato quartered

1/2 tsp ginger paste

4 garlic cloves

1/2 tbsp cooking oil

1/4 tsp mustard seeds

pinch asafoetida (omit if GF)

1/8 tsp ground turmeric

1½ tsp Kashmiri chilli powder

1 tsp ground cumin

1 tsp ground coriander

1/2 tsp garam masala

1 tsp salt divided

1 ½ cups water

Instructions

• *Blend cumin seeds, coconut, onion, tomato, ginger and garlic to make a smooth paste.
• Put the pressure cooker on the cooker and add oil.    When the oil is hot, add mustard seeds and allow them to crackle. Add asafoetida and turmeric. Add the onion and tomato paste and cook for a minute stirring frequently.
• Add red chilli powder, cumin and coriander powder, garam masala and salt. Mix well.    Cook on a low heat for 3-4 minutes.
• Mix everything once more, ensuring that there are no spices stuck to the bottom of the pot.
• Add black eyed peas and water. Give a quick stir.
• Put the lid on the pressure cooker and cook under pressure for 10 minutes.    Allow pressure to reduce naturally.

Serve with rice or roti.

Notes:

• If you don’t have a fresh tomato, use a tbsp of purée.
• Any dried coconut will work in this recipe.

Variations:

• * If you don’t have a blender, use ground cumin, dice the onion and tomato and use ginger and garlic paste. Mix everything together in a cup or jug and use in the same way as the blended mixture. The curry will taste just as good.
• Add some chopped vegetables such as carrots or sweet potatoes, which will survive cooking with the peas, without turning into a mush.

 

  

You will find many more recipes similar to this here and here.

 

White bean chilli with winter vegetables

As someone who really enjoys food with a dash of chilli in it, particularly in cold weather, this is one of my favourite dishes. If you make the recipe as shown, you will have sufficient for two hearty appetites. If you want to feed more people, serve with kumara or sweet potatoes or baked potatoes. 

 

The original recipe just used the lower part of the leeks, and this is what I’m following. I usually use the whole thing, because I find the green part is rarely tough or stringy. Besides, it’s going to be cooked in the pressure cooker! Split the leeks in four lengthways as far as the root, and rinse thoroughly in plenty of clean (sea)water, if they are full or soil or grit, before preparing them. One is always told to remove the ‘woody centre’ from parsnips: I have yet to find one. But if yours have a woody centre, then by all means remove it.

 

Serves 2

 

Ingredients

 

olive oil

1 medium leek, white and 1 inch of pale green part, diced

2 garlic cloves, finely chopped

1 large carrot, peeled if necessary, chopped

1 large or 2 medium parsnips, peeled if necessary and diced

1 tsp ground cumin

1/2 tsp oregano

chilli flakes to taste (at least 1/4 tsp)

1/2 tsp salt

2/3 cup of dried white beans, soaked

1 avocado

fresh parsley 

 

Method:

• Heat the oil in a pressure cooker. Add the leek, garlic and 2 tbsp water. Cook until the leeks are softened: about 5 minutes
• Add carrots and parsnips; stir to coat. Cook, stirring often, until just beginning to soften: about 2 minutes.
• Add chilli flakes, cumin, oregano and salt. Stir until fragrant: about 1 minute.
• Add the beans, together with 11/2 cups of water. Bring up to pressure and cook for 10 – 15 minutes depending on the type of bean used. Let the pressure reduce naturally.
• Remove the lid from the pressure cooker. Check seasoning.
• Garnish with parsley and chopped avocado, if available.

Serve immediately. Any leftovers make a fine foundation for soup.

 

Variations:

• Use the entire leek. 
• If leeks are unavailable, use 1 large onion
• You can add other root vegetables, such as turnip, swede and sweet potato. In that case, the chilli is great served with bread.
• Add a tin of tomatoes and 1/2 cup less water.
• Use a fresh red chilli. 
• Try it with red kidney or black beans. 

 

 

You will find many more recipeslike this in Main-course dishes, vegetable-based

Chickpea and mushroom quiche

 

This is one of my favourite quiches and is especially luxurious when made with cream. It is ideal for for entertaining, especially if you have baby new potatoes to go with it. In hot weather, when you don’t want your guests eating in a sweltering boat, it can be made in advance and eaten lukewarm.

 

I’m afraid that I don’t accept that a white sauce made with gram flour is an acceptable substitute for a sauce made with eggs. However, if you are well along the vegan spectrum, I suggest alternatives to cows’ milk, which is what I invariably use. You might want to use coconut milk - but I think that it might not complement the tarragon and green peppercorns.

 

Serves 2

 

Ingredients

 

1/2 cup chickpeas, soaked and cooked

1 recipe pastry

1 large onion, chopped

2 garlic cloves, diced

8 to 10 button mushrooms, sliced

1 tbsp olive oil

1 tbsp butter or extra olive oil

1 egg

1/3 cup (vegan) yoghurt OR cream

1/4 cup milk OR water

1/2 tsp tarragon

1 tsp crushed green peppercorns

salt

 

Method:

• Cook the chickpeas and set aside.
• Make the pastry and roll it out to fit a 230 mm (9 in) frying pan. Press to fit, cutting and pasting as necessary, to line the entire pan.
• Put the frying pan on a low heat over a flame tamer, and cook uncovered, for 10 to 15 minutes, until the pastry is crisp.
• Meanwhile, prepare the onion and garlic and fry in the oil and butter. If you don’t have any butter, use an extra tbsp of olive oil, but the butter makes this quiche richer.
• Slice the mushrooms and add to the pan. Cook without browning until the onion is thoroughly softened and the mushrooms have wilted.
• When the pastry is cooked, put the vegetables in the case, spreading them evenly over the base.
• Put the drained chickpeas on top, again spreading them out evenly.
• Gently beat the egg, yoghurt or cream and milk or water together. Mix in the tarragon, green peppercorns and salt. Pour this carefully into the frying pan, tilting it so that the custard is evenly distributed.
• Cover and cook over a low heat, until the custard has risen and is set – approximately 15 to 20 minutes.

Serve, if you can with new potatoes and a salad of mixed leaves. On a hot day, and in the unlikely event that youcan provide it, chilled white wine is delicious with this quiche.

Alternative cooking:

• If you prefer to cook the quiche in the oven, line a 200 mm (8 in) flan case with pastry and bake it in a pre-heated, Fairly Hot oven for 15 minutes. If possible, put a heavy baking sheet on the top shelf to heat up with the oven. This gives you a better chance of ending up with a crisp base.
• Follow stages 3 – 7. Reduce the oven setting to Moderate, and then put the quiche back in the oven for a further 30 minutes, until the filling is set. It should have risen to the top of the case and be a delicate golden colour.

Note:

• I have made this quiche with green peppercorns in brine, when I couldn’t find dried green peppercorns, but the result it disappointing compared with the dried ones.
• If you have access to fresh herbs, you might well prefer to use these. However, tarragon has its own quite distinct flavour, which I think goes well in this recipe.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Scots Broth

 

Traditional Scots Broth is made with mutton, or at least a mutton bone.  However, it is quintessential peasant food, making use of cheap and readily available ingredients.  I rather suspect that there were many crofts and cottages that rarely saw meat and that my version isn't too far from the original.  This is a great meal for those on a small income.

 

The soup made from dried and winter vegetables.  Leeks are often used, as are 'neeps', better known as swede (or rutabaga in USA).  Kale or cabbage can be added and often are, but they tend to make the soup smell a bit sulphorous by day two, so if you feel that you might be eating this soup for a while, I would suggest chopping and wilting some and stirring it into the bowl as you serve, on the first day.  Cabbage is worse for this, so you might be happy just adding the kale towards the end, so that it still has some texture.  The rest of the vegetables should be thoroughly softened.

 

Although it's called a broth, this is actually a pretty substantial soup and the starches will thicken it up overnight.  You will undoubtedly need to water it down the next day.  I use white pepper in this recipe.  This is the pepper that was generally used in Britain until the late 70s when black peppercorns and grinders became popular.  It is quite different from ground black pepper, with more pungency and less savour.  I think it seems the right one to use, but use black if you prefer or if that's all you have.  Don't go overboard with herbs - there wouldn't be many available in a cottage garden in the colder months in Scotland.  But I suspect dried thyme would be readily available.

 

If your seawater is clean, use 1/3 to 2/3 fresh water.  Don't add any more salt until you've cooked the soup and tasted it.

 

Serves 2, very generously

 

Ingredients

 

1 tbsp of oil

I large onion, chopped

salt 

I large or 2 medium carrots, diced

1 large or 2 medium parsnips, diced

1 medium potato, diced

1/2 tsp celery seed OR 1 stick celery diced

1 tsp stock powder

1/4 cup dried peas (eg blue peas)

2 tbsp yellow split peas

2 tbsp split lentils

1/2 cup barley

1/2 tsp dried thyme

1/2 tsp white pepper

about 3 cups water

fresh parsley

 

Method:

• Soak the whole peas in the usual manner in your pressure cooker.
• When you're ready to make the soup, add the oil.  Then add the onion and cook for a few minutes with the peas, together with 1/2 tsp salt and mix well.
• Add the carrots, parsnips, potato and celery seed.  Sprinkle over another 1/2 tsp of salt and stir everything together.  Cover with a cup of water.
• Mix in the stock powder and then add the split peas, lentils and barley. Stir well.
• Now add another 2 cups water, if your pressure cooker can take it.  The split peas and lentils are inclined to foam up and block the vent, although the oil should prevent this, so don't overfill the pan.
• Spoon in the thyme and the pepper, cover the pan and bring up to pressure. 
• Cook for 7 minutes and let the pressure come down gradually.
• Once you can remove the lid, taste the soup and add more salt, pepper and thyme if you think it needs it.  Take out some grains of barley and a couple of peas to check that they are cooked through.  If not, cover and give the soup another couple of minutes under pressure, letting the pressure down gradually.
• If the soup seems too thick, thin it with more hot water and taste again.  It should be generously seasoned with salt and pepper
• If you have such a thing on board, chop some fresh parsley and add it to the soup.  Stir it all again and let it stand for a few minutes.

Serve hot, with fresh bread - or on its own.  This is definitely a meal in a bowl.

 

Note:

• Ensure that your root vegetables are all cut to about the same size so that they will cook evenly. 

Variations:

• Vegan ghee is a good alternative to oil, especially if you only have olive oil. 
• Add some shredded cabbage or kale. 
• Use a small turnip or swede instead of parsnip.  Alternatively, you can use less carrot and parsnip and add turnip and/or swede.  Or double the recipe and use them all (but you will need a large pressure cooker).
• You can add replace the onion with a leek or use both, but beware of overloading the pan!
• Use a different stock powder, or leave it out altogether. There will still be plenty of flavour. 
• Chana dal can be used in place of yellow split peas, which is what I do, because I always have them on board. 
• Use black pepper if you don't have white. 

  

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Basic 'chicken' seitan

If you haven't made seitan before, I recommend you read my introduction to the process here. 

 

The basic proportions for making seitan are 1/4 cup of water to 1/2 cup flour.  However, this is somewhat excessively basic and the following recipe is a more appropriate basic 'chicken' recipe. 

 

Before we go any further, and at the risk of shattering all your hopes and illusions, seitan doesn’t taste remotely like chicken. I say this as someone who hasn’t eat chicken for well over a decade, but for all that, I say it with some certainty. I don’t want anyone to be disappointed.

 

This is the one to use if you are copying a tofu recipe: add the seasoning suggested for the marinade (if any) to the dry ingredients.  This 'chicken' can also be used to replace beans and chickpeas in various recipes or even to replace the meat in a well-flavoured chicken dish.  However, I wouldn't recommend serving a slab of it on a plate, with roast potatoes, two veg and gravy!

Serves  2

Ingredients

        1/3 cup  vital wheat gluten

        2 tbsp gram flour

        2 tsp nutritional yeast

1/2 tsp mushroom 'stock' powder

        1/4 tsp onion powder

        1/4 tsp garlic granules

       

1/4 cup water

1 tbsp soya sauce

 

Method:

• In a bowl, mix vital wheat gluten, gram flour, nutritional yeast, mushroom stock powder, salt, onion powder and garlic granules.
• In a small jug, mix the water and soya sauce and add them to the bowl.  Combine everything into a soft dough, starting with a knife or spatula and ending with your hand. If the mix seems a little bit dry, add some more water, a teaspoonful at a time. If too wet, carefully add some more vital wheat gluten.  Use the dough to clean your bowl thoroughly, otherwise the dried seitan will need to be soaked off.
• Put the dough on a board and flatten it down. You will be cutting it into bite-sized chunks, so it wants to be a suitable thickness.
• Put the trivet into your pressure cooker, along with ½ cup water. Place the seitan on the trivet, and bring up to pressure for 5 minutes. Let the pressure go down naturally.
• When you can take the lid off, take out the seitan and cut it up – or tear it for a more ‛organic’ appearance.
• If you want to, you can now fry the chunks in some oil so that they are crisp on the outside. On odds, I think I prefer them soft.

The seitan can now be added to your recipes and, simmered for as long as suits you.  Because it's completely cooked, it only needs reheating; however, it is robust and doesn't start to dissolve - I've often simmered it for about 20 minutes.  It is also quite happy to be shoved around by the spoon without collapsing.  I've seen recipes for tofu kebabs and this seitan, suitably flavoured, should also be a success in this context, too.

 You will find many more recipes for seitan here